#gas constant

[tenth-sentence]

In this equation, the value of R = 8.314 J/mol·K, T is the temperature in kelvin, F = 96 485 C per mole of e-, and z is the amount of electrons transferred in the reaction.

"Chemistry" 2e - Blackman, A., Bottle, S., Schmid, S., Mocerino, M., Wille, U.

[addingcolors]

Gas Constant

One of the fundamental states of matter is the gaseous state, commonly known as gas. Gases possess distinct characteristics that set them apart from other states of matter. Despite being highly compressible, gases evenly distribute pressure on all sides. They lack a definite shape and volume, instead adapting to the shape of the container they occupy. Moreover, gases readily mix due to minimal interactions between their intermolecular forces.  

The behavior of gases is governed by several sets of laws derived from experimental studies conducted under various conditions, including temperature, pressure, and volume. This discussion centers around a specific constant known as the gas constant (R) and its significance.  

The gas constant (R) is a physical constant expressed in units of energy per temperature increase per mole. It is also referred to as the molar gas constant or universal gas constant. The value of R is equivalent to that of the Boltzmann constant, although the latter is expressed in terms of the pressure-volume product. This constant plays a crucial role in understanding the behavior of gases and their properties under different circumstances.  

Ideal Gas  

An ideal gas is a theoretical concept used in physics and chemistry to simplify the behavior of gases under certain conditions. It is a hypothetical model of a gas that follows specific ideal gas laws, making its behavior easy to analyze and calculate.  

The behavior of real gases deviates from the ideal gas model at high pressures and low temperatures, where intermolecular forces become significant, and the volume of gas particles becomes non-negligible. However, real gases behave similarly to ideal gases under many conditions, especially at low pressures and high temperatures.  

An ideal gas can be defined as the theoretical representation of a gas comprising point particles that do not reveal any alterations during intermolecular movements. The ideal gas follows all three fundamental laws as given by Charles, Avogadro, Boyle, and Gay Lussac.   

V ∝ 1/P with T and n as constant (From Boyle's law)  

V ∝ T with P and n as constant (From Charles law)  

Finally, V ∝ n with T and n as constant (From Avogadro's law)  

Combining all three of these gives V ∝ n X T/P  

Mathematically, this can be expressed as,  

PV = nRT   

Here,   

P is the pressure  

V is the volume  

T is the temperature  

R is the Ideal Gas Constant, and  

n is the amount of substance  

Gas Constant Laws  

The gas constant r is a vital factor for numerous principles and laws of physics. It is used in various laws as a combination of a constant and equations as a fundamental factor.  

Boyle's Law: Boyle's Law is a fundamental gas law that describes the relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas at a constant temperature. It states that when the volume of a gas decreases, its pressure increases, and vice versa, as long as the temperature remains constant. In mathematical terms, Boyle's Law can be expressed as:  

P ∝ 1/V  

where P is the pressure of the gas, and V is its volume. The law implies that the product of the pressure and volume of a given amount of gas is constant, provided the temperature remains unchanged.  

Charles's Law: Charles's Law, also known as the law of volumes, relates the volume of a gas to its temperature at constant pressure. It states that the volume of a gas will increase or decrease in direct proportion to its absolute temperature as long as the pressure remains constant. In mathematical terms, Charles's Law can be represented as:  

V ∝ T  

where V is the volume of the gas, and T is its absolute temperature (measured in Kelvin). As the temperature of a gas rises, its volume will expand, and conversely, as the temperature decreases, the volume will contract.  

Avogadro's Law: Avogadro's Law states that under the same temperature and pressure conditions, equal volumes of different gases contain an equal number of molecules. This law is based on the idea that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the number of molecules it contains. In mathematical terms, Avogadro's Law can be expressed as:  

V ∝ n  

where V is the volume of the gas, and n is the number of gas molecules. It implies that at constant temperature and pressure, the number of molecules to the volume ratio is constant for all gases.  

Gay-Lussac's Law: Gay-Lussac's Law, also known as the pressure-temperature law, describes the relationship between the pressure and temperature of a gas at constant volume. It states that the pressure of a fixed amount of gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature, provided the volume remains constant. Mathematically, Gay-Lussac's Law can be represented as:  

P ∝ T  

where P is the pressure of the gas, and T is its absolute temperature. This law implies that if the temperature of a gas increases, its pressure will also increase, and if the temperature decreases, the pressure will decrease, assuming the volume remains constant.  

[sciencesolutions]

[vodid]

zero's pressure

[skin-slave]

I wanna say something and all I ask is that you read the whole thing before burning me at the stake.

There are always horrible things happening. There are always ppl who are suffering and dying. There are always corrupt politicians. There are always human rights violations. There are always tragedies. There is always misinformation and exploitation. War is always looming on the horizon or busting in the back gate. The world is always fucked up.

That fact does not mean that the lives affected matter any less than our own. It does not mean that we don't do what we can to help. It does mean that we cannot afford to put our lives on hold while a horrible thing consumes us.

I'm sure that, if your parent/sibling/partner/best friend had a medical emergency, you would gladly do whatever you needed to do to be there. I'm sure that you would sacrifice sleep, skip meals, call in to work, and be by their side until they were stable. You can afford to do that when those emergencies are infrequent and relatively brief.

You cannot do that with the world's emergencies. They are not infrequent. They are not relatively brief. You have to sleep, eat and shower. You have to pay your bills. You have to survive.

Daily life goes on.

It feels unjust. Of course it does. How can you possibly go about the mundane like nothing's going on? You Don't. You go about the mundane like there are horrible things happening. You make the adjustments you can sustain without sacrificing your well-being. You make drastic changes for as long as you can, when you simply can't take it anymore, and then you step back, take a breath, and go grocery shopping. You have to. If you don't, you won't survive the horrible thing.

No one who is going thru a horrible thing wants you to self-destruct. There's so much good you can do over the course of your life if you maintain that life. Adding your name to the list of casualties will prevent all of that good from happening. You have to survive.

And that includes the things that seem optional, bc those things aren't actually optional at all. You need to laugh. You need to watch movies and love your pets and go for walks. You need food that tastes good and clothes that make you feel confident. You need that show you'll regret not seeing. You need to get takeout and take naps. You need to have the weight lifted frequently, so you can heal the parts of you that get worn.

If you aren't living as well as you can, while making adjustments you can afford to make, you will not survive.

Please survive.

[astroformemory]

can you guys do this quiz for me dont ask questions just DO IT thanks!!!!

my result for reference btw😭😭

[moltensmusings]

Okay you know what. What are some of y'alls favorite headcanons for Juvia or Levy? Any headcanons. Fashion, hobbies, friendships with other guild members, etc. Non romance content is preferred for this but I won't turn away ship content.

[elbiotipo]

I think the current "renewables vs. nuclear" debate will be obsolete once widespread tidal/wave power and perhaps bioelectricity (something I need to research in depth) become widespread. You don't have to argue about the intermittence of renewables or the high cost of nuclear plants when waves are basically unexhaustible sources of power.

From an aesthetic perspective, in these past few years I've become enamoured of nuclear power and the sheer industrial might it has. But I think one must be pragmatic, it works as a "backbone" for an energy grid, but renewables are just so much cheaper and practical.

My slogan is blue-green power: Blue nuclear power (Cherenkov radiation) as a replacement for big fossil plants/hydro plants the "backbone" of energy grids, and green renewables of all kinds, depending on the environment, to power daily use.

[fugaciousgloom]

I want Team Bolas Rojas to be so pack bonded by the end of the 2 weeks that when they get back to Quesadilla Island they physically can’t live without each other and inevitably all move into Philza’s base.

[daftpatience]

one thing I have learned about being poor is that you cannot for a moment stop thinking about it

[aalghul]

I don’t think it makes sense to assume that Jason was mocking Mia’s past. At all. The thing that got jason painted as violent back in the 80s was his anger against rapists…how does that turn into mocking a victim? and that entire story was written by winick. Do we honestly think winick intended to communicate that? The same writer who made Jason’s first kill a man who was trafficking children? Who had Jason pause in his mission of madness to make sure those kids were found by the right people so they wouldn’t be in further danger?

[calliemity]

craziest thing about going to a good dentist for once is finding out that i have been getting overdosed on laughing gas my entire life, and the symptoms i thought were normal were overdose symptoms. so now i have to reevaluate what orin's experience on nitrous would be like, because APPARENTLY feeling like youre floating and like your hands are made of static means you are getting way too much. insane

[n7priv]

as a biology student,

physics is crazy ! u zap some water (with a little sulfuric acid) and boom!! u can calculate some universal constant

[maegorsbignaturals]

Give us more hillbilly au, pls!!! And they 100% live in a trailer park, omg what would King's Landing be in that au??

Grrrr okay okay just because you are asking nicely. Drangonstone IS the trailer park, Aegon, Visenya and Rhaenys leaved there when they scaped their parents and adfer some time they managed to get enough money to move to an old farm that was full of mold and it smelt rancid and that everyone was pretty sure the drains of that farm was poisoned. Aegon and Aenys both tried to fix it but failed and it was Maegor the one who maneged to fix it the most of it and paint it of the most lustruous red he could find. The faith is just your ye-old south baptist/christian church, and ceryse is the girl Maegor knew there. She was the niece of the pastor and sings in the choir and leads some program to teach the kids about religion, Alys is the queen of all the small beauty peageants the town holds and ends up having names like the queen of the corn or something on those lines, Tyanna is the weird woman that lives alone in the farthest part of the town that house smells weird and she has like at least seven different animals as her pets and everyone is DAMN sure she does some kind of witchcraft and they talk about her on her back but if they need an abortion they just go to her, Rhaena was the girl who always dreamed of living in The Big City with her (girl) friends and knowing all this beautiful movie places with really high builidings and have long rides on her Blue Vespa (Dreamfyre) in the streets of the big city, but her uncle had this horrible accident and now someone needs to take care of him and his costant headaches and Maegor borderline treats her just as he treated her Ceryse and Alys and it is kind of weird.

After Maegor weird ass dead where he is found on his couch holding a beer and being illuminated by the blue gleam of the Tv with at least dozen flies flying around him he takes over the farm and said you know what i think we can make something with this shit and that is how he ends up doing the greatest emporium of milk products kingislandingtown has ever seen in its entire existence. Baelon and Aemon are your typical Highschool number one football players that could have had a uni sports scholarship but Aemon got tackled really hard during a game having some kind of internal decapitation against Sunspear's community highschool and that took Baelon so out of the rails that he just ended up never leaving the farm.

[weirdgirlpilled]

dan and phil fan theory: there is currently a gas leak in their house

[honorthysalad]

Um actually Yoshiki 🤓 that’s NOT true. The neurons in your brain don’t undergo mitosis (which is what Asako is talking about.) Therefore, one part of you remains the same.

They actually had ‘Hikaru’ be asleep during this scene because he, as a brainsnatcher [or at least aware enough of the make up of the human body to be able to undergo mass cell division and repair injuries in a short amount of time], would know this, and if he corrected Yoshiki on some stupid useless piece of information, he’d simply grow too powerful.